AgricultureEast India Company rule
Permanent Settlement extended to Madras Presidency
· Chennai
The zamindari Permanent Settlement, first applied in Bengal, was introduced in parts of the Madras Presidency.
The Permanent Settlement fixed land revenue in perpetuity with zamindars, who collected rent from cultivators. Introduced in Bengal and Bihar in 1793, it was later extended to Varanasi and to parts of the Madras Presidency, mainly the northern districts and existing zamindari estates. In the Tamil country the system covered estates such as Ramnad and Sivaganga, while most other land was later brought under ryotwari. The zamindari estates created in this period survived until their abolition after independence.
